This qualitative study explored the perceptions of youth regarding brain death and organ donation, aiming to understand their knowledge, attitudes, and emotional responses toward these ethically complex topics. Despite the growing importance of organ donation in addressing transplant shortages, misconceptions and limited awareness among young people remain barriers to donor registration. Semi-structured focus group discussions were conducted with 48 participants aged 18–25 from three universities in urban and semi-urban regions. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify recurring ideas and underlying beliefs.

Findings revealed that while most participants expressed general support for organ donation, fewer demonstrated a clear understanding of brain death as an irreversible medical condition. Many participants confused brain death with coma or vegetative states, reflecting conceptual ambiguity. Attitudes toward donation were influenced by cultural norms, religious beliefs, and family opinions, with several participants expressing hesitation due to perceived moral or spiritual implications. Trust in the healthcare system emerged as a critical factor, with some youth expressing concerns about premature organ retrieval or unequal treatment of donors and recipients. Participants also emphasized the need for transparent information and educational initiatives in schools and online platforms to improve awareness and promote informed decision-making.